Iowa soybean farmers are facing a critical moisture stress period as the plants enter the reproductive phase of development. This is the time when soybeans need the most water, and many areas of the state are already in a deficit.
Soil moisture levels in Iowa are typically high enough to support soybean growth during the reproductive phase. However, recent rains have been localized, and some areas of the state are already experiencing moisture stress. This is especially true in areas that have sandy or gravelly soils, which are not as good at holding water.
Soybeans need about 10 to 11 inches of water during the reproductive phase. If they do not receive enough water, they will not be able to produce a good yield. The most critical period for moisture stress is from R3 to R4, which is when the pods are developing at the uppermost nodes.
A study by the University of Nebraska (UNL) found that there was no statistical difference in soybean yield between season-long full irrigation and starting irrigation at pod elongation (R3) or full flower (R2). This means that farmers can save water by starting irrigation later in the season, but they need to make sure that the soybeans have enough water during the critical R3 to R4 phase.
In most areas of Iowa, the R3 to R4 phase is occurring now. If you are an Iowa soybean farmer, it is important to monitor your soil moisture levels and irrigate if necessary. Adequate water during this critical period will help ensure a good soybean yield.
Here are some tips for managing soybean moisture stress:
• Monitor your soil moisture levels regularly.
• Irrigate if necessary, especially during the R3 to R4 phase.
• Plant soybeans in well-drained soils.
• Choose soybean varieties that are tolerant to moisture stress.
By following these tips, you can help ensure that your soybeans have enough water during the critical reproductive phase and produce a good yield.
Photo Credit: gettyimages-casarsaguru
Categories: Iowa, Crops